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A resource for those who practice Metaphysics, an Earth-based Religion or Nature-based Spirituality

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Vol.2-Issue.7  Feb.17, 2012

Magickal Media is an on-line magazine providing articles, photos,  music, festivals,   news, commentary,  chats, educational resources, spells, forums, videos, rituals, how-tos, product reviews, shopping and much!

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Magickal Media

strives to be a fair, factual and fun resource for those who practice an Earth-based Religion or Nature Spirituality including Polytheists, Pantheists, Pagans, Asatrur/Heathens, Druids, Wiccans, Witches, Shamans, Pantheists, Khemetics, Hellenics, Celtic reconstructionists, Santero and other folks who use magick and revere our natural world.

Information for various life stages and lifestyles will be shared on this website. Pagan families, clergy, different paths, various ages, beginners to adepts; all will find worthwhile information within.

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Pagan 101

“Paganism” has been defined as: 

1.) Any religion that reveres Nature as a spiritual force; any religion that honors the Earth. 

2.) Any religion that is not Abrahamic in origin – meaning, descended from the “holy books” of Abraham – neither Christian, Jewish or Islamic. Paganism is sometimes referred to as “pre-Christian”. 

3.) Any religion that believes in the presence of magickal energy. 

Paganism is sometimes used interchangably with “Earth-based Religion” or “Nature Spirituality”. 

Many, not all Pagans believe that the natural power may appear in forms personified as beings known as Gods and Goddesses. 

“Pantheism” can be defined as believing in an entire pantheon of Gods and Goddesses, or multiple forms of one God force or universal energy, or believing that all Gods and Goddesses are actuallized, or that all Gods and Godesses have similar figures in many worldwide pantheons. 

"Polytheism" can be defined as worshipping multiple Gods and Goddesses or a pantheon of Gods and Goddesses. 

That said, some religions that may be defined as Pagan are monotheistic. 

Most, not all, Pagans believe in natural energy, a power which can be tapped into, directed, worked and otherwise used to create change. This condition is often referred to as “Magick”. The changes that occur may be internal, as in a change of consciousness, or external, as in creating a more benevolent living space. 

Many Pagans believe in natural energy forms, deities, spirits, disas, orisha, elementals and other energy beings. 

Many, not all Pagans strive to align themselves with natural forces, including magick or energy, the spiritual world, and the natural world.

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Welcome to Magickal Media!  

Now that Imbolc / Candlemas is past, we're slogging through the last of winter and awaiting springtime. How do YOU survive the winter months? What do YOU do to celebrate Valentine's Day, Mardi Gras / Carnival, and at long last, the Spring Equinox? Please drop us a line!

Keep checking back, because there are NEW articles, features, links, photos and media in every edition.

Event Coordinators: Please remember to add YOUR event on our Calendar page, using the handy form.


Please send healing energy to our CEO, Dave Aldag as he recuperates from reconstructive surgery on his foot.

NEW In this Issue:

Keep watching the Magickal Media news feed on the blog to find the latest news from around the world for Pagans, Wiccans, Heathens, Druids, Shamans, Polytheists and Earth Religious people. http://blog.magickal-media.com


A new Fairie Witch Inside - This time about Celtic Reiki on the Resources page.


Learn how to make a Witches' Protection Bottle on the Spells and Magick page.


A  new article on the Tarot from Pearl Annie - this one about My First Tarot Reading - on the Spells & Magick page.


A new Herbal How To from Ellen Lord on the Nature page. Read about Elderberry and its uses.


On the Calendar page, gatherings and festivals from around the country. You'll also find Press releases and announcements about events. Enter your event into the calendar.


On the News page, links to the most important stories and articles of the past week.


On the Links page, notable blogs and interesting web sites which will appeal to Pagans.


 

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ALSO In this Issue:


Recently, there has been a great deal of controversy over religious expression, religious establishment, and religious bullying within the public schools. Some issues involving Pagan children have made national headlines. Read about two of these cases, and follow links to several more occurences in "Religious Civil Liberties and the Public Schools" on the Articles page.


Valentine's Day Legends and Lore on this page.


Are you about tired of winter? Read "Beating Winter Blahs" for some ideas on how to survive the snowy season on the Resources page.


"Crossroads" - A meditation after the holiday of Imbolc by Lorelei Greenwood on the Paths page.


Before Valentine's Day, there was Lupercalia - read about the possible origins of Valentine's Day on this page.


And what about Leap Day? There is an article about that too here on the Welcome page.


The movie "The Wicker Tree" is in theatres, universally reviled by critics. Instead of wasting your money on that film, Malcolm Brenner suggests 13 must-see Pagan movies which are much more interesting, accurate and fun, including the original "The Wicker Man". Read "Thirteen Movies Every Pagan Should See" on the Media page.


Echinacea is on every pharmacy shelf, but what exactly is this popular herb? Can it really boost the immune system and even help to prevent the common cold? Find out in Ellen Lord's popular column "Herbal How-To", on the Nature page.


A new regular column by Pearl Annie on the Tarot. This one is all about The Chariot on the Spells & Magick page.


The Plow Play is an older tradition in the British Isle that may have Pagan roots. Read an article about this custom, on this page, with photos of the Magickal Media crew doing our own Plow Play, and visit the links for revivals in the UK today. NEW!  Watch a Magickal-Media Video Production of "The Plow Play" on the Media Page.


The Footsteps of Spring: Brigit's Light Returns - An article about the Goddess and Saint of Ireland, known as Brigid, for the Imbolc holiday on the Paths page.


A new poem from Carnelian Gray: "Brighid Visits" on the Poetry page.


Three new Thornton Burgess stories on the Kid's Stuff page and an introduction to them: "Why Animals Do That" on the Parenting pag.


New music from Celia - the rough cut of her new album "For the Asking" and a new single "Bridget's Song" - both on the Media page.


Instructions on How to Make Brighid Crosses for Imbolc on the Resources page.


For Imbolc, an article about the Goddess Brighid on the Paths page.


An Imbolc Ritual to Hestia on the Rituals page.


Taking Yourself Too Seriously by Ethan Pulka on the Articles page.


Magickal Moments for the Mundane new for Winter on the Spells & Magick page.


A new column from Aurora Brierley - The Faerier Witch Inside. This month on "In Search of Balance", on the Resources page.


Chapter 5 in the serialized novel by Susan Kae on the Fiction page.


And of course lots of new blogs, and websites on our Links page and the Top News stories of the week on the News page.


Be sure to check out world holidays on the Calendar page.


On the Media page, tune in to Pagan Radio.


See our searchable events database.

 

 

 

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Mardi Gras, Carnival, Shrovetide and More

Mardi GrasBeads, masks, parades, gumbo and rice, dancing and wild behavior… all are associated with the Mardi Gras celebration.  The holiday is enjoyed predominantly in Catholic countries in Europe and South America which observe Lent, and in the USA, where there are many who trace their heritage to these countries.  This year, Mardi Gras takes place on February 21st for most folks, and on Feb. 27th for Orthodox denominations of Christianity. 

Mardi Gras occurs on the day before the Christian sacred day of Ash Wednesday.  It is also the last day before the observance of Lent by Catholics, the 40-day period of spiritual preparation for Easter.  For Lent, many show their faith by abstaining from something considered desirable, such as meat, chocolate, or alcohol.  Others fast, perform acts of penance, and pray.  Mardi Gras was viewed as the last day to indulge; hence feasting and parties are enjoyed.  However, Mardi Gras and the Carnival have ancient Pagan roots in Lupercalia, Saturnalia, the Rites of Spring and other traditions.

Mardi Gras has occurred since the Dark Ages in France, but only by the upper classes.  As Catholicism spread, the holiday rose in popularity.  There are references to Mardi Gras being celebrated in conjunction with Twelfth Night back to the early 1600s; sometimes, the party would last from the Epiphany to the period forty days prior to Easter.   This is reflected in the name of the “krewe” of “Twelfth Night Revelers”, the second-oldest parade grouping in the USA.

The name "Mardi Gras" means "Fat Tuesday" in French.  It refers to the custom of feasting.  All perishable foods such as milk, eggs and meat must be eaten.  This may originally have been because the foodstuffs stored for winter were rotting, and must be eaten or disposed of.  Later, the feasting was held to finish off all the indulgences prior to Lent.  Special thin pancakes called crepes are cooked and eaten, a custom that has spread to other regions.  Some locations hold pancake tosses or pancake races.  In some places, the name of the holiday is “Pancake Tuesday”.

The celebration of “Carnaval” with masks, feasting, costumed parades and parties takes place each year in Nice, France on Feb. 15th.  This may have arisen from the Roman celebration of Lupercalia, which occurred on the same date.  Masks are worn because anyone can get away with wild, outlandish behaviors without being known, to indulge in excesses, and for personal transformation.  Some may cross-dress or wear costumes, as well.  A replica of the “King Carnaval” head is made of papier mache and paraded through the town.  This may originally have been a Pagan representation of a deity, or it may have been an effigy of an actual ruler.

Mardi Gras in America can be traced to the French-Canadian explorer, Jean Baptiste Le Moyne Sieur de Bienville, who landed south of New Orleans in 1699, calling the area "Pointe du Mardi Gras."  He also established the city that became Mobile AL in 1702.  In 1703, this town celebrated the first American Mardi Gras.  The holiday observances in New Orleans began much later, but soon outstripped all other celebrations.  The earliest reference to a Mardi Gras "Carnival" is written in a report to the Spanish in 1781.  By the late 1830s, New Orleans was holding parades of masked revelers, carriages and horseback riders to celebrate the holiday. The observance has occurred annually rbrt since, with a four-year interruption during the Civil War.  Today, New Orleans hosts one of the largest Mardi Gras celebrations in the world.

One popular Mardi Gras tradition that may have Pagan origins in the King Cake.  A sweet pastry or cake is prepared, with a ceramic, wooden or carven figurine of a baby cooked inside.  (Nowadays, the baby may be plastic!) Whoever finds the baby is said to be the next one to conceive a real baby – a custom that may have roots in older fertility rites.  Others believe the King Cake tradition came from wealthy landowners giving cakes to their farmworkers.  Handing out gold coins (candies or plastic trinkets) may have also derived from the custom of the wealthy giving gifts to the peasants.

Russians celebrate a Shrovetide festival, this year held from February 20th to 26th.  The word “shrove” comes from “Shrove Tuesday” and also the term “shriven”, or forgiven sins by a priest.  The holiday is also called Maslenitsa, which derives from an ancient Pagan feast that symbolized the end of winter and the beginning of spring, occurring at the Vernal Equinox. After the adoption of Christianity, Maslenitsa was moved to the week before Lent.  In Moscow, more than two million people are expected to take part in outdoor Shrovetide activities including feasting, entertainment and dances.  At the conclusion is the burning of a Shrovetide effigy, a doll which represents either Winter or negative behaviors.

Polish people in America may celebrate a Paczki Bal, pronounced “pooch-kee ball”, on the day (or weekend) before Ash Wednesday.  Special pastries filled with sweet fruits and dusted with sugar are eaten.  A Mass or religious service is held… then the fun begins.  Polka bands play, there is dancing and feasting, drinking and revelry, often held in conjunction with an auction for a charity. 

The word “Carnival” (or carnaval, or carnavale) comes from “farewell to the flesh” in Latin, which may refer to giving up red meat during Lent.  It also may refer to the feasts of the Middle Ages known as “carnis levamen” or "solace of the flesh."  Carnival was also celebrated in Italy, Spain and Portugal.  It may have arisen from the Roman festival of Saturnalia.  Many Carnival observances also contain a “feast of fools” or a “lord of misrule” (see the article about the Fool elsewhere in this edition of Magickal Media).  Venice, Italy is known for its intricate porcelain masks.  The traditions spread to South America with European colonists and became syncretized with the religious customs of Africans who were enslaved and the people of the First Nations. Perhaps the most famous Carnival is held in Rio de Janero, Brazil.  “Samba schools” offer amazing dances, fantastic costumes, and parades with wonderfully decorated floats.  Over two million people are expected to travel to Brazil to participate in the Rio Carnival.

In Uruguay, the Carnival holiday is called Las Llamadas, influenced by the Afro-Uruguayan people, enjoyed by locals and tourists alike.  Rhythm-intensive music is played, including traditional Candombe drumming, which derived from the barrios (neighborhoods) in the city of Montevideo.  Women dress in colorful clothing, decorated with sequins and bright feathers. Theatrical performances are presented.  Parades wander through the towns.  Feasts and parties are held.  This celebration occurs the during the first week of February each year, and is considered the national festival of Uruguay.

Carnival is also celebrated in Asia, in conjunction with springtime holidays, in the Carribean, and in the Pacific Islands.  These locations often have drumming, bonfires, dancing, and eating a roasted pig.  There are also huge holiday parties held in Toronto, Chicago, and London.  In Germany, the holiday is called “Fastnacht”, or fasting night.  There is a “fools jump” where costumed fools parade through the streets, jumping in the air with the aid of short poles.  Women who work in the marketplace dance in costumes covered in flowers and fruit.  In the Netherlands, a huge street carnival is held.  Mardi Gras, or Carnival, seems to be a worldwide celebration!

We wish you a most happy and enjoyable Mardi Gras and Carnival season. 

Valentine’s Day Legends and Lore

Valentine’s Day is celebrated on Feb. 14th, perhaps for a break in the long dull winter months. 

Valentines cardCards:  Scoffed at by many as a “greeting-card holiday”, there will be more than one billion Valentine greetings purchased and sent worldwide.  This custom likely began when Charles, the Duke of Orleans, wrote a note to his beloved while imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1415.  During the 1700s in England, it became a fad to pass Valentine's notes.  During the 1840s, a woman called Esther Howland crafted valentines made of lace and paper, with rhyming messages, hearts and flowers, for her friends.  These became so sought-after that she began to make extras for sale.  In the mid-1800s, cards were so popular were that factories began to mass-produce them.  Hallmark produced their first Valentine's Day card in 1913.  Each year, the US Postal service creates a new “love stamp” around V-Day, and schoolchildren send hundreds of thousands of cheery greetings to their peers.  85% of all valentines are sent by women.

cupidCupid:  We’ve all seen the cute little baby Cupids floating on white feathered wings, shooting arrows of love into the hearts of the lonely, but where did this legend come from?  Cupid was / is the Roman God of sexual desire, affection, attraction and love.  His Greek incarnation is Eros, from which we get the word “erotic”.  Cupid’s name comes from the Latin “cupido”, which means desire.  He is also called “Amor”, which gave the Romance languages the word “Amour” or “Amore” for love.  Cupid is the son of Venus, the Goddess of love and hope, whose day is Friday, whose flower is the rose, and whose colors are red, pink and cream.  However, Cupid is also the son of Mars, God of War.

Originally, Cupid was seen as a tall, slender, winged young man in the Greek legend of Cupid and Psyche.  As he was Romanized, Cupid became younger and chubbier.  The classic writer Vergil reinterpreted Cupid as a young boy in the “Aenead”.  Venus, Cupid’s mom, was also said to be the mother of Aeneas.  At the prompting of Venus, Cupid compeled Dido to fall in love with Aeneas, who was embroiled in the Trojan war.  The poem states that Dido’s heart was “pierced” with love, which later artists interpreted as a symbolic arrow.  The two lovers enjoyed a night of bliss, which Dido believed was a marriage.  However, duty called, and Aeneas had to leave in order to save Troy, and Dido killed herself in grief. 

Another legend, Cupid and Psyche, is found in the “Metamorphoses”.  The beautiful princess Psyche, whose name means “soul”, was so beloved by humans that they neglected to worship Venus, the Goddess of love.  Thus, Venus demanded that Cupid make Psyche fall in love with a horrible monster or ugly animal.  Instead, Cupid accidentally scratched himself with his own golden arrow and fell in love with Psyche.  Ordering her never to look upon him, Cupid became angered when Psyche sneaked a peek, and left her.  Psyche was bereft.  However, Jupiter gave Psyche the gift of immortality so that she could live with Cupid and become a Goddess.  Their daughter is Voluptas, which gives us the word “voluptuous”, or Hedona, which means “pleasure”.

The primordieal (original) Greek God Eros is very similar to Cupid.  Son of Aphrodite, Eros is viewed as a well-proportioned adult male with wings.  He often playfully made Gods and mortals fall in love with each other.  His story of falling in love with Psyche may be older than the tales of Cupid.  Other legends tell that Eros wounded Psyche with an arrow, and revived her with a kiss.

Saint Valentine:  There is no actual evidence to support any one genuine Saint.  Three early Christian martyrs were believed to have been named Valentine, or Valuntinus, and killed on February 14th.  Valentine of Terni was martyred in 197 C.E., and Valentine of Rome was killed in 289 C.E.   In the year 496, Pope Gelasius declared 14th February to be St Valentine's Day as a Christian Feast Day, perhaps to supercede the Pagan Lupercalia festival, which had been outlawed yet still flourished (see the article about Lupercalia in this edition of Magickal Media). 
Various legends attributed to St. Valentine has him disputing a marriage tax, arranging marriages between young people, and defying a ban on marriages imposed by the Emperor Claudius II, which may have occurred in the year 479 C.E.  In order to compel young unwed men to join the army, the emperor outlawed marriages.  A priest called Valentine was said to have performed wedding ceremonies anyway, which earned the emperor’s wrath.  Valentine was supposedly executed and became a martyr and symbol of love.  Another story has Valentine falling in love with the jailer’s daughter, and writing her notes that he signed “from your Valentine”.

Literature:  Geoffrey Chaucer is probably the first writer to link St Valentine's Day and romantic love.  When discussing the engagement of King Richard II and Anne of Bohemia, Chaucer wrote: 
“For this was on St. Valentine's Day
When every fowl cometh there to choose his mate.”
However, birds in England do not mate in February, so perhaps this event actually occurred in March or April.
Shakespeare wrote about the idea of Valentine's Day and love in Hamlet and Ophelia's lament:
“To-morrow is Saint Valentine's day,
All in the morning betime,
And I a maid at your window,
To be your Valentine.”

candyCandy:  The Aztec emperor Moctezuma believed that chocolate made him more virile, and thus downed gallons of it in a bitter drink.  Chocolate is still considered to be an aphrodisiac, a word that comes from the name of love Goddess Aphrodite.  Chocolate which is sold in a heart-shaped box may cost a dollar or two more than normally packaged chocolate, yet the message of love is priceless.  47.5% of all Valentine’s gifts are candy.  This includes the Necco brand “Sweethearts”, the little heart-shaped mints with printed messages, offered to schoolchildren nationwide.  Invented in 1902, “conversation hearts” are the most popular candy sold, with more than 8 billion manufactured each year.  As Shakespeare said, “Sweets to the sweet!”

Read some Pagan precursors of Valentine’s Day here: link http://www.examiner.com/paranormal-occult-in-savannah/the-pagan-history-of-v-day   

 

Before there was Valentine’s Day… there was Lupercalia

Lupercalia was and is a festival devoted to abundance, celebrated by ancient Romans.  Scholars speculate that Lupercalia may have pre-dated the founding of Rome, which occurred around 753 BCE.  The holiday took place from February 13th to the 15th.  Although the name Lupercalia is related to wolves (the Roman lupus), the festival is more associated with Pan, the Greek fertility God; and the Roman deities Faunus, a pastoral and woodland figure, and Lupercius, who usually appears as a shepherd that wears a goatskin.  The Goddess associated with the holiday is Lupa, also called Rumina, who as a female wolf was the foster mother of Romulus and Remus, the founders of Rome. 

The location in which Lupa nursed the orphan twins was called the Lupercal cave, which was re-discovered by archeologists in 2007.  Plutarch wrote about the festivities, stating that youths and elder men alike would run through the streets naked, lashing people with “shaggy thongs” (flails), especially women.  Shakespeare also made reference to Lupercalia traditions in his tragic play “Julius Ceasar”.  The holiday fell out of favor when Rome was Christianized in the fifth century, and the Pope forbade the rituals, yet those folks living in rural areas, and people of the working classes in the city, continued to celebrate Lupercalia for centuries afterward.  Roman colonists may have brought the festival to Europe.  Since Gerald Gardner wrote about scourging, and some older Pagan traditions have the rite of “lustration” or ritualized flogging, the Lupercalia whipping may have been part of the original Rites of Spring.

Although some Valentine’s Day traditions may have derived from Lupercalia, the festival was more about the celebration of the onset of springtime, the fertility of farmlands, and the fecundity of domestic animals and people.  The young men with their flails ran around the perimeters of the town, which may be connected with the European springtime ritual of “beating the bounds”.  Often women would deliberately allow themselves to be struck by the flails, believing that the action would increase their fertility and grant an easy childbirth.  Sacrifices were made, feasting and drinking ensued, and there was music, laughter and merriment.  However, there was also a theme of purification, driving away negative energies, and protection from harm.  The notion of chasing away baneful spirits while beating the bounds persisted until the twentieth century in the British Isles.

Lupercalia may have loaned one important aspect to the modern Valentine’s Day:  Some scholars believe that young folks without partners “drew lots”; the men took slips of paper with the names of women from an urn, in order to gain a paramour for the duration of the festival.  This may be the precursor to the Valentine greeting card. 

Leap Day:  Between the Worlds, Time Out of Time

Once every four years, our calendar has a “Leap Day” observed on February 29th. This is because it takes our Earth 365 and one quarter day to circumnavigate the Sun.  Rather than have one fourth of a day each year, we instead have a “leap year” to make up for those partial days.  Leap Day is added every fourth year on our modern calendar, occurring in years that are divisible by four.  During leap years, our calendar has 366 days.

Leap Day was introduced in the year 45 C.E. when the transition was made from the Julian Calendar to our modern Gregorian Calendar.  Since then, folklore and traditions have surrounded this day.  In Ireland, it is said that St. Brigid (or the Goddess Brighid) struck a deal with St. Patrick which allowed women to propose to men on Leap Day.  A man was expected to pay a penalty of clothing, jewelry or money to women, if they refused a proposal.  In Scotland, at one time it was actually illegal for a man to refuse a woman’s proposal on Feb. 29th.  However, in ancient Greece it was considered unlucky to be married on Leap Day.

Children born on Leap Day may be considered either unlucky, or as having special powers of concentration or Second Sight.  According to the “Guinness Book of World Records”, one family has three consecutive generations born on February 29, and also a record of the greatest number of children born on February 29 in the same family. People born on Leap Day are all invited to join The Honor society of Leap Year Day Babies.  Most people born on Feb. 29th celebrate their birthday or achieve another year of age on March 1st.  According to some astrologers, those born under the sign of Pisces on February 29 have unusual talents and personalities reflecting their special status.

In China, Leap Year has 13 months, with a leap month added about every 3 years.  A leap month occurs if there are 13 full moons from the start of the 11th month in the first year to the start of the 11th month in the next year.  In Jewish tradition, another month called Adar I or Adar Aleph is added during a leap year, which is considered an especially lucky time. The Hindu calendar includes an extra month called Adhika Maas once every three years, which is why Hindu lunar festivals often occur on different days in consecutive years.  Ethiopians have twelve months with 30 days, and one month with five days during normal years, and six days during leap years, which occur once every four years.

Leap Day is a splendid opportunity to perform acts of magick.  “Cusp” times or halfway points are very powerful, which is why we often do rituals on the full moon, new moon, and then end of one season and beginning of another.  Leap Day is considered as outside of the normal boundaries of time, or between the material and metaphysical worlds.  Leap Day is a great time to consciously end one project and begin another.  This is also an optimal day to make profound changes in our personal lives.  It is a fine time to start a new job, begin a program of study, or embark on an exercise program.  We may consider how to improve relationships, and make a conscious effort to begin a new friendship.  Leap Day is also a great day to make decisions about material possessions, from what color to paint your home to what type of car to purchase. 

Magickal implements from Leap Day should be clear, white or gray (without color) such as quartz crystals, white candles, a glass chalice, a smoked mirror, or ink made of lemon juice.  Write down things which you wish to change in your life with the colorless ink, gaze into a scrying mirror to divine the future, hold a clear gemstone in your hand for healing and mental clarity, light white candles, wear pure white, symbolically place yourself before a clean picture window as you meditate or pray.  Dawn, noon and sunset are the most potent times for magick.  If it is windy, go outdoors and “catch the wind” in a plastic grocery bag or a glass jar.  Later release the wind when you need an extra added “push”.

The Plow Play

A plow play, or in the old-fashioned way of spelling, Plough Play, was held around Twelfth Night or the Epiphany, or around Imbolc or Candlemas during olden times in the British Isles.  A holiday called “Plow Sunday” or “Plow Monday” featured decorating a plow, decorating the plowwhich was taken from house to house.  Participants often sang, danced, played music, performed a dramatization, and begged for “money for the plow” which was used for a charity.  In Christian times, this was sometimes a light in a church called a “Plow Light”.  During years when the economy was poor, it may have been a way for workers to earn money.  Young men called “Plow Jacks”, “Plow Stotts” or even “Plow Witches”, wearing rags or funny clothing and with blackened faces, would threaten to plow up the front yard of anyone who refused to give an offering.  plow

Some scholars believe that the plow play was originally a Pagan ritual, perhaps to ensure the fertility of the fields, a custom that was later adopted by Christians.  In much of Great Britian, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, Imbolc was the day to begin plowing the fields, as the climate was warmer during the Bronze and Iron ages.  Pliny the Elder noted in the first century C.E. that the Celts had better plows than the Romans, and that they began plowing “early”.  These tools were also used to cut turf for fuel.  However, plowing the fields may have begun even earlier, as evidenced by a poem that signifies the end of the Christmas season, when Jack returns to his plow, and Jenny to her loom, traditionally sung or recited on Twelfth Night.

decorating the plowOn Plow Sunday or Monday, plowing games and races were and are enjoyed, dances were held, including the Morris, with attendant feasting and drinking. The Ploughboys are sometimes accompanied by a Molly or Malkin, a man dressed as a woman who performs a lively rustic dance.   Sometimes a person dressed in a costume made of straw, called a “Straw Bear”, proceeds the dancers.  The custom of the Plow Play was first written about in the sixth century, when some plow jacks got into trouble for plowing up the kirkyard in Scotland. The tradition all but died out early last century, except in the most rural areas of Britian and Ireland.  Recently, the Plow Play custom has been revived by communities for fun and tourism, as well as by neo-Pagans as a type of sacred ritual to honor the land.  (Please see the links below.)

In the photographs, the Magickal Media crew is seen decorating an old-fashioned horse drawn plow for Imbolc, blessing it, then placing it outdoors to protect the home and to bring fertility to the garden.  plowYou can try this ritual for yourself, or with your family or coven – if no plow is readily available, you can decorate a garden cultivator, or make your own plow from two broomsticks and cardboard.  Adorn it with silk flowers, ribbons, tinsel and streamers.  Paper flowers can also be used, if your plow is kept indoors.   This tradition has helped to bless our home and make our garden fertile for years.

url Plow Monday held this year in the UK, celebrated by middle schoolers.  With photos and a video.

url Plow Jacks tow a plow through a town in the UK.

Mythic Images

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